The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) has urged Nigeria to prioritise safe and inclusive digital literacy to ensure that more citizens benefit from digital technology.
The UNESCO Representative to Nigeria and Head of Office, Dr Isaias Barreto da Rosa, made the call at the National Digital Literacy for All (DL4ALL) Workshop organised by the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) on Tuesday in Abuja.
The workshop, themed “Measuring Progress, Strengthening Partnerships, Accelerating Impact”, featured a presentation on Nigeria’s digital literacy landscape.
Da Rosa said internet penetration in Nigeria stood at about 41 per cent, compared with 36 per cent across Africa and 74 per cent globally, according to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).
He described Nigeria’s performance above the African average as encouraging but stressed that connectivity alone was insufficient without the ability to use digital tools safely, critically and productively.
“Digital literacy is a development multiplier because it gives access to learning, earnings and participation,” he said.
He explained that digital skills enabled citizens to access online education, pursue training and certification, market products, establish businesses and participate in civic activities.
Da Rosa said achieving Nigeria’s digital literacy targets of 70 per cent by 2027 and 95 per cent by 2030 would depend on reaching underserved populations, including rural residents, internally displaced persons, women, young people and persons with disabilities.
He identified access, practical competence, online safety, local-language content and inclusion as critical gaps requiring urgent attention.
According to him, unaffordable devices, poor connectivity and unreliable electricity continued to limit access, particularly in remote communities.
He noted that familiarity with smartphones did not necessarily translate into meaningful digital competence, adding that training should focus on practical skills and responsible technology use.
The UNESCO representative also warned about online scams, privacy violations, abuse and other digital threats, particularly those targeting children.
“Digital literacy is not just knowing how to use technology, but also how to use it confidently and safely,” he said.
He called for more digital content in local languages and accessible platforms to ensure that language barriers and disabilities did not exclude people from the benefits of digital transformation.
On artificial intelligence (AI), Da Rosa said digital literacy programmes must teach citizens to question AI-generated information, protect personal data and recognise manipulation.
He cited UNESCO’s competency frameworks for teachers and students, as well as its 2021 Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence, adopted by all 193 member states, including Nigeria, as tools for guiding responsible AI use.
He warned that AI systems could reproduce societal biases and generate misleading content, including fabricated images, voices and statements.
He stressed that critical thinking and media and information literacy were essential for helping citizens verify information, counter disinformation and identify hate speech.
Da Rosa urged Nigerians to verify information before sharing it on social media, noting that AI had made it easier to create and circulate misleading content.
He commended Nigeria’s digital literacy framework, saying it incorporated elements of UNESCO’s 2018 Digital Literacy Global Framework and other international frameworks, including provisions for inclusion.
“The success of digital literacy initiatives should be measured not by the number of people trained, but by the skills they acquired and their ability to apply them,” he said.
