U.S. President Donald Trump has approved a 30-year civil nuclear agreement with Saudi Arabia, a move that could pave the way for uranium enrichment on Saudi soil.
According to reports by U.S. media outlets citing government officials, the multibillion-dollar deal is designed to support the development of Saudi Arabia’s civilian nuclear programme.
The agreement is expected to give U.S. companies a major role in building the kingdom’s nuclear infrastructure while limiting the involvement of foreign competitors.
A key provision would allow U.S. companies to construct a uranium enrichment facility in Saudi Arabia if a joint U.S.-Saudi study determines that such a project is justified.
The Trump administration reportedly believes the partnership would enable Washington to maintain oversight of the Saudi nuclear programme and help ensure that it is not diverted for military purposes.
The agreement is expected to be submitted to the U.S. Congress for review in the coming days, where it could face opposition from lawmakers concerned about the spread of nuclear technology in the Middle East.
Reports indicate that the deal includes compromises that may limit access for some international inspectors to certain facilities where concerns could arise over the diversion of nuclear materials.
Discussions on a possible nuclear cooperation agreement gained momentum after talks held by U.S. Energy Secretary Chris Wright during a visit to the region in April 2025.
The United States had previously explored broader negotiations involving Saudi Arabia, including discussions on regional security cooperation and support for the kingdom’s civilian nuclear ambitions.
Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman has repeatedly expressed interest in developing a civilian nuclear programme, describing it as important to the country’s future energy needs.
Saudi Arabia and Iran, long-standing regional rivals, restored diplomatic relations in 2023 under a China-brokered agreement, although significant geopolitical tensions remain between the two countries.
